The work explores heat transfer by using a hybrid nanofluid past an extending sheet by considering diverse characteristics such as inclined magnetic field, viscous dissipation, Joule heating, porous media and shape factors. Additionally, melting heat and Thompson and Troian slip constraints are included. To analyze entropy generation, the Williamson hybrid nanofluid was passed past an expanding sheet. The R-K approach was employed to solve the energy and momentum equations of the model. Copper (Cu) and zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), two types of nanoparticles, were employed in this investigation with ethylene glycol (EG) serving as the standard fluid. Analyses show that as the thermal radiation parameter increases, the thermal profile decreases. The results reveal that the magnetic term slows down the thermal distribution of the Cu-ZrO₂-EG hybrid nanofluid. Lamina shapes exhibit elevated skin friction levels relative to spherical and blades shapes. It is also evident from the results that lamina shapes exhibit reduced Nusselt number levels relative to spherical and blades shapes. Also, the results reveal a substantial augmentation in skin friction, characterized by increasing of 14% for spherical shapes, 21% in blades shapes and 28% in lamina shapes, as the magnetic factor transits from 0 to 1.

melting heat, Joule heating, inclined magnetic field, viscous dissipation, Thompson and Troian slip

Received: September 30, 2024; Revised: January 15, 2025; Accepted: February 19, 2025; Published: June 9, 2025

How to cite this article: K. Sreenivasulu, P. R. Sobhana Babu, Syed Abdul Khadar Jilani, Ch. Suresh Kumar, D. Srinivasa Rao and G. Prakash, Impression of radiation on the flow of Williamson hybrid nanofluid with shape factors and entropy generation, JP Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 38(3) (2025), 341-368. https://doi.org/10.17654/0973576325017

This Open Access Article is Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

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