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Volume 25 (2025)
Volume 25, Issue 2 (In Progress)
Pg 223 - 272 (July 2025)
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Pg 1 - 221 (March 2025)
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Pg 1 - 94 (March 2023)
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Volume 22,
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Pg 83 - 173 (December 2018)
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Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence
Engineering and Sciences
Materials Engineering
Mathematics and Statistics
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All new articles and volumes will be published only on our new website —
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Notice:
All new articles and volumes will be published only on our new website —
www.pphmjopenaccess.com
JP Journal of Biostatistics
JP Journal of Biostatistics
Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 109 - 119 (May 2011)
A PERMUTATION SOLUTION TO COMPARE TWO HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA MARKERS
Agata Zirilli and Angela Alibrandi
Abstract:
In medical literature, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most commonly used marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis. Some researches showed that there is over-expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II in HCC tissue, especially in small HCC. In this background, our study investigates the diagnostic utility of IGF-II in HCC. Serum levels of IGF-II and AFP were determined on 96 HCC patients, 102 cirrhotic patients and 30 healthy controls. The application of NPC test, stratified for small and large tumours, allowed us to notice that IGF-II and AFP levels in HCC were significantly higher than cirrhotic patients and controls, the IGF-II levels in cirrhotic patients were significantly lower than controls. The optimal cut-off values for diagnosing HCC were determined with ROC curve. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy values for AFP and IGF-II have been estimated for diagnosis of HCC and, subsequently, for small or large HCC. Determination of jointly used markers significantly increases the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity, with a high specificity. So IGF-II serum can be considered as a useful tumour marker to be jointly used with AFP, especially for diagnosis of small HCC.
Keywords and phrases:
insulin-like growth factor-II, alpha-fetoprotein, permutation tests, diagnostic tests, receiver operating characteristic curve.
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